By Kwang-ki Kim
Addresses the connection among modernity and social conception via taking a look at the works of Parsons, Goffman, and Garfinkel.
In this targeted research of 3 sought after theorists of contemporary sociology, thought is known as implicitly, yet importantly, reflecting particularly sleek difficulties of person and social existence. From the grand-theoretical platforms of Talcott Parsons to the original symbolic interactionism of Erving Goffman and the noticeably mundane ethnomethodology of Harold Garfinkel, a large choice of famous sociological theories have addressed critical problems with sociology opposed to the backdrop of recent society. while this contemporary backdrop is introduced into the foreground of research, sociological theories suppose new intensity and breadth and new ancient importance. the writer outlines gains of the trendy adventure, drawing upon overlooked cultural theorists of modernity, after which indicates how those positive aspects of modernity are mirrored and integrated within the scholarship of Parsons, Goffman, and Garfinkel. the result's an unique and eclectic research that illuminates formerly neglected dimensions to fashionable sociological conception, and indicates new probabilities for significant and worthwhile comparisons among theoretical traditions.
"Provides an account of 3 very important sociologists, and gives an invaluable account of the concept that of modernity. The author's proposed interpreting of Parsons reinstates his value and indicates similarities among him and interpretive sociologists." -- Philip Manning, writer of Erving Goffman and glossy Sociology
"The writer has provided a provocative therapy of 3 valuable figures in sleek social idea. His account of Goffman and Garfinkel is especially perceptive, illuminating, and robust, whereas his account of Parsons is unique. there's not anything really like this within the field." -- Peter T. Manicas, writer of A historical past and Philosophy of the Social Sciences
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Extra resources for Order and Agency in Modernity: Talcott Parsons, Erving Goffman, and Harold Garfinkel
Example text
It is an endless effort. For modern man, therefore, certainty appears to be available only in the hic et nunc, and he therefore returns to it for protection. Modern man’s search for the self illustrates the emphasis on the hic et nunc. ’ can be “answered only hic et nunc” (Berger 1974, 172). Similarly, Luckmann points out that in the formation of personal identity, modern man tends not to go beyond the hic et nunc of “reciprocal mirroring” with those co-present (Luckmann 1987, 373). Following Gehlen, Luckmann argues that the full development of personal identity actually presupposes the individual’s detachment from the hic et nunc (1987, 368).
However, since the human mind “abhors uncertainty” (Berger 1990, 45), modern man feels uncertainty as a burden and pain. Therefore, modern man seeks to avoid it. 15 Unfortunately, however, clichés have poignant limitations as alternative institutions. They, too, are inherently rooted in the ambiguity and abstraction of modern society. The clarity, stability, and certainty clichés provide are “artificial” (Zijderveld 1979, 47), and the comfort they give is nothing but a “temporal rest” (Zijderveld 1979, 49).
The certainty of the world is undermined. Doubt also undermines role-taking. Bad faith, because it is founded upon taking things for granted, becomes more and more difficult. To give a specific example, religion has traditionally been a key provider of moral alibis and has played a most important role in constituting bad faith, as Berger (1971) indicates. 31 Therefore, one can say that the more questions, suspicion and reflection there is, the less bad faith occurs. The increase of freedom in modernity is also related to the decrease in bad faith.