By Larry E. Smith (eds.)
Read or Download English for Cross-Cultural Communication PDF
Similar communications books
Satellite Systems for Personal and Broadband Communications
Das Buch gibt einen fundierten Überblick über aktuelle und zukünftige Satellitensysteme für Mobilkommunikation (personal conversation) und Breitbandkommunikation. In Teil I werden die Grundlagen von geostationären und nichtgeostationären Satellitenkonstellationen sowie die damit verbundenen nachrichtentechnischen Fragen behandelt.
This ebook constitutes the refereed lawsuits of the thirteenth IFIP TC 6/TC eleven overseas convention on Communications and Multimedia safeguard, CMS 2012, held in Canterbury, united kingdom, in September 2012. The 6 revised complete papers offered including eight brief papers, eight prolonged abstracts describing the posters that have been mentioned on the convention, and a pair of keynote talks have been conscientiously reviewed and chosen from forty three submissions.
The Snowball Effect: Communication Techniques to Make You Unstoppable
The long-awaited follow-up to the overseas bestseller The Jelly EffectCommunication is meant to reason anything. That’s the purpose of it. So, what do you need to accomplish following your verbal exchange? do you need an individual to reply to ‘yes’? do you need to enhance your relationships? do you need humans to appreciate precisely what you’re speaking approximately, first time?
- Conflict and Communication: A Guide Through the Labyrinth of Conflict Management
- Satellite Systems for Personal Applications: Concepts and Technology (Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing)
- Media, power, and politics in the digital age : the 2009 presidential election uprising in Iran
- Persuasive Business Proposals: Writing to Win More Customers, Clients, and Contracts
Extra resources for English for Cross-Cultural Communication
Sample text
The third type is Pidgin English, which is associated with labourers who come from other parts of Africa, namely Northern Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Liberia (Sey, 1973: 3). In another part of West Africa, Nigeria, we find again the South Asian and Ghanian situation repeated; the variation ranges from ..... the home-grown pidgins and creoles at one end of the spectrum to the universally accepted formal written registers of standard English ... " (Spencer, 197Ia:5). As in Ghana or in India, in Nigeria, too, it is" ...
In 1891 when Schuchardt collected his data perhaps Box-wallah English was restricted to what he calls upper India. This variety is used by the itinerant pedlars, who habitually carry a box containing their wares to the houses of foreigners and affluent Indians, or to hotels frequented by such people. The wares vary from antiques to papier-mache, wood carving and silk and jewellery. Their command of English is restricted to what may be termed a type of trade language. In addition to Box-walla" English, there has also developed a Box-wallah Hindi, which such pedlars-for example, Kashmiri traders-use in selling their wares in the plains 30 ENGLISH FOR CROSS·CULTURAL COMMUNICATION during the winter months when the tourist trade comes to a standstill in the highlands.
In order to illustrate this point I shall consider three types of linguistic evidence, namely hybridization, collocations and larger formations which are culture-determined. In a hybridized item there is at least one lexical item of English and another item from the native language. There are various structural variations possible, but we shall not go into that discussion here. 7 The hybridized lexical items are used in all the non-native varieties. Consider for example, ahimsa soldier, police wala and lathi charge from Indian English (Kachru, 1975) and dunno drums, bodom bead, and AlVerba lamps from Ghanian English (Sey, 1973:63).