By Stephen R. Anderson (auth.), Geert Booij, Jaap van Marle (eds.)
A revival of curiosity in morphology has happened in the course of contemporary years. The Yearbook of Morphology, released due to the fact that 1988, has confirmed to be an eminent help for this upswing of morphological learn, because it includes articles on subject matters that are primary within the present theoretical debates that are often referred to.
In the Yearbook of Morphology 2004 a few papers is dedicated to the subject ‘morphology and linguistic typology’. those papers have been awarded on the Fourth Mediterranean Morphology assembly in Catania, in September 2003. in the context of this denominator, a couple of matters are mentioned wich endure upon universals and typology. those matters comprise: universals and diachrony, signal language, syncretism, periphrasis, etc.
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Extra resources for Yearbook of Morphology 2004
Example text
Developed sign languages also show non-motivated, grammaticalized morphology, but to a limited extent, because they are young. ABSL shows neither the motivated nor the arbitrary morphology found in more developed sign languages. The lesson from ABSL is therefore that even the motivated morphology that we find in all established sign languages requires social interaction over time to crystallize. ABSL thus vindicates the new language prototype: little or no systematic morphology. This prototype was originally formulated on the basis of creole languages, but the formulation has run into empirical difficulty in recent years, as we noted above.
Likewise, second person plural may or may not be construed as including some non-addressees, so blurring the distinction between second and third person. Nevertheless, there are reasons to be cautious about overemphasizing the semantic naturalness of such syncretic combinations, which are especially apparent when one considers the behaviour of the first person inclusive. Since semantically it overlaps with first and second person, we should expect syncretism with those two persons. While this does occur, instances of 1incl/1excl syncretism are far more frequent than 1incl/2, which is not readily accounted for if semantic overlap is deemed to license the syncretism; signficantly, 1incl/2 syncretism is no more frequent than 1incl/3, which cannot be accounted for by the notion of semantic overlap (Cysouw forthcoming a).
However, directional manipulation of signs and gestures does not imply the existence of a morphological system. As argued above, morpho-syntactic categories take time to develop. Agreement verbs are morphologically complex, since they contain affixes for person and number. For a sign language to have a 30 Mark Aronoff et al. morphological class of agreement verbs, it needs to have acquired the following properties: (a) consistent use of space; (b) location of referents in space (that is, establishment of R-loci for referents); (c) the use of R-loci for non-present referents; (d) the abstract categories ‘person’ and ‘number’; and (e) use of the signer’s body to represent 1st person, whether subject or object.