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Note: Over time you may lose traction because the material weakened. Check the traction periodically. If you must change or repair the splint, maintain the traction manually for a short time. Dislocations Dislocations are the separations of bone joints causing the bones to go out of proper alignment. These misalignments can be extremely painful and can cause an impairment of nerve or circulatory function below the area affected. You must place these joints back into alignment as quickly as possible.

In any climate, drink water whenever possible to prevent dehydration. Similarly, in cool, wet conditions, guard against hypothermia. The onset of hypothermia can occur even in mild conditions if you are wet and exposed to the wind. Size Up Your Equipment Check to see what equipment you have and what condition it is in. If it is damaged and unusable, leave it behind. Once you have sized up your situation, surroundings, physical condition, and equipment, you are ready to make your survival plan. In doing so, always keep in mind your basic physical needs—water, food, and shelter.

If wet, remove all the victim’s wet clothing as soon as possible and replace with dry clothing. Improvise a shelter to insulate the victim from the weather. Use warm liquids or foods, a prewarmed sleeping bag, another person’s direct body heat, warmed water in canteens, hot rocks wrapped in clothing, or fires on either side of the victim to provide external warmth. If the victim is conscious, slowly administer small doses of a warm salt or sugar solution, if available. If the victim is unconscious or has abdominal wounds, do not give fluids.