By George Cawkwell
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Extra info for Thucydides and the Peloponnesian War
Sample text
That, however, cannot be shown, and the probability is that both belong to 433/2. First, the dating of the Megara Decree. 1), was a plain breach of the Thirty Years Peace, a source of ‘resentment’, not merely ‘suspicion’. 67). ) that Pericles got the Megara Decree passed to distract attention from the corrupt dealing of Phidias, the Scholiast remarked, by way of showing that the two matters were quite unconnected, that Philochorus dated the prosecution of Phidias in 438/7 but recorded the Megarian protest to Sparta about the Megara Decree under 432/1.
Similarly, Spartan piracy from Aegina played its part in the war of 378–5 (ibid. 1) and in 376 the corn ships were checked from sailing to Athens (ibid. 61). So in 433/2, Athens had good reason to be afraid. If Pericles in 433 saw ‘war bearing down on Athens from the Peloponnese’, a celebrated dictum (Plut. Per. , and cf. Aristotle Rhet. 1411a15), he had in mind the installation of a garrison. Aegina might and did complain, but it was only common precaution, a strategic preliminary to the war. Megara is more troubling.
Their leader would appear to have been Brasidas, the hero of the later years of the Archidamian War who, with limited forces but with great dash, sought to liberate the northern cities of the Athenian Empire. 1). Sparta was therefore forced to follow the strategy advocated by Brasidas and his ilk. Even earlier they took what opportunities they could, making efforts to assemble a fleet (cf. 92). 6 Sparta persisted with the strategy of ravaging Attica for a very good reason: it was working or appeared to be working.