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The Role of Nitric Oxide in Physiology and Pathophysiology by C. Nathan (auth.), Hilary Koprowski, Hiroshi Maeda (eds.)

By C. Nathan (auth.), Hilary Koprowski, Hiroshi Maeda (eds.)

"In the previous six years, the sphere of nitric oxide examine has gone through explosive growth.... This quantity could be taken as a brief advent to the sector of nitric oxide examine. For the complicated scholar or the scientist who wishes a brief influence of significant features of this box it can be an excellent advent ...." magazine of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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From AKAIKE et al. 1993, with permission) 42 H. Maeda et al. 59~ 5 min Ach '-I ~ ~ r~ d t L-Arginine PE NNA Fig. 5a-d. Effects of imidazolineoxyl N-oxide (PTlO) on acetylcholine (Ach) induced vasorelaxation of rabbit thoracic aorta. 0 mM with or without PTIO and PT/. a Control without PTIO; b with 300 11M PTIO; c with 300 11M PTI; d effect of L-arginine (5 mMJ on inhibition by 100 11M PTIO (upper tracing) or 100 11M N"'-nitro-L-arginine (NNA) (lower tracing) of Achinduced vasorelaxation. (From AKAIKE et al.

In fact, reports by MORRIS and HANSEN firmly establish that the antimicrobial action of RS-NO results from covalent modification of bacterial membrane sulfhydryl groups (MORRIS et al. 1984; MORRIS and HANSEN 1981), and direct inhibition of sulfhydryl-dependent enzymes, such as glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase, may further contribute to their bacteriostatic activity (O'LEARY and SOLBERG 1976). Moreover, cell impermeable RS-NO potently inhibits S-Nitrosothiols and the Bioregulatory Actions of Nitrogen Oxides 25 growth of the malarial parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, whereas a saturated solution of NO' does not (ROCKETT et al.

1994), the latter event also associated with an ADP-ribosylation-like modification (MOLINA Y VEDIA et al. 1992; STAMLER 1994) in vivo. Studies on the mechanism of GAPDH modification reveal that S-nitrosylation of an active site thiol is requisite for subsequent modification by nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD+) (MOHR et al. 1994). Thus, the formation of protein RS-NO serves a catalytic function. Interestingly, the S-NO intermediate of GAPDH formed during labelling with NAD is devoid of enzymatic activity (MOLINA Y VEDIA et al.

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