By Neill Nugent (auth.)
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Extra info for The Government and Politics of the European Community
Example text
There has not, therefore, been a coherent and ordered movement towards West European unity. In the late 1940s and 1950s most states were willing to be associated with intergovernmental organisations that made few demands on them- and hence joined the newly created OEEC and the Council of Europe- but there was no similar breadth of support when organisations were proposed that went beyond intergovernmental co-operation into supranational integration. Consequently, the more ambitious post-war schemes- for the ECSC, for a European Defence Community (EDC, which in the event was never established), and for the EEC and Euratom- initially involved only a restricted membership.
Of these organisations, those that were able to offer clear advantages and benefits to members were able to act as a base for further development. As the ECSC in particular was quickly to demonstrate, co-operation and integration can breed more of the same. Interdependence It has become customary to suggest that while both political and economic factors were crucial toW estern European co-operation and integration in the formative post-war years, the former have now declined in relation to the latter.
Furthermore, the US wanted much more West European interstate integration than was to be achieved. But it is undeniable, that by its political, economic, and military interventions and assistance, the US did exert pressures and did, at the least, help to make a number of developments possible. (3) With the post-war division of Europe, with the moving of the international power balance from European state relations to United States- Soviet relations, and with the onset of the Cold War from 1947-8 producing the possibility of Europe being the battleground between East and West, there was a sense from the late 1940s of Western Europe beginning to look like an identifiable political entity in a way in which it had not done before.