By John D. Grainger
Pamphylia, in smooth Turkey, was once a Greek kingdom from the early Iron Age till the center a while. In that land there have been 9 towns that are defined kind of as Greek, and this e-book is an research in their heritage. This used to be a land on the margins of alternative nice empires - Hellenistic, Roman, Arab and Byzantine - and continues to be off the overwhelmed tune, even though Aspendos, Perge and Phaselis are all visited for his or her archaeology. just one old resource, Strabo, discusses the world at any size, and John Grainger hence has to collect a large choice of exiguous and fragmentary resources to inform the cities' tale. His concentration is not just nearby - he's attracted to the impression of out of doors forces on a specific civic tradition. He considers the approaches of urban origin, payment, urbanisation and evolution, and the cities' mutual relatives. Coastal piracy drew Pamphylia into the Roman empire, and at last, within the 7th century advert, the Arabs destroyed the towns of their wars with the Byzantine empire.
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Young boys and girls were sent off to servitude as palace eunuchs and members of the Royal Harem. The Ionian Revolt was over, and the invasion of mainland Greece had, by that fact alone, become inevitable. The most interesting casualty of this debacle was an enigmatic Athenian aristocrat named Miltiades. In about 555 his uncle had been sent out by Peisistratus - the Athenian tyrant, Hippias's father - to rule the Thracian Chersonese, the long peninsula which forms the European side of the Dardanelles.
Outside Pasargadae his troops mutinied, and turned him over to Cyrus. This was in 550. Cyrus proceeded to capture the Median capital, Ecbatana, which * Herzfeld (see Bibliography) has recently argued that Parsa's large eastern expansion was already an accomplished fact. His speculations are intriguing (Kambujiwa indeed sounds like an Indian name) but not conclusive. 6 DARIUS AND THE WEST yielded him a fabulous amount of booty. From now on Media lost its independence, and in fact became the first satrapy of the new Persian empire.
The Queen Mother Atossa, Darius's widow, asks a Royal Councillor various questions concerning Athens, and finally (as one might expect from a dowager in her position) quizzes him on the Athenian power-structure, which she assumes to be a replica, mutatis mutandis, of that at Susa. ' she asks. ' This to Atossa suggests incompetent anarchy, a view which the Athenian demos, in its more perverse moments, might seem to confirm. ' - a feed-line if ever there was one. 'So well,' the Councillor tells her, 'that they destroyed the great and magnificent army of Darius'.