By Ali K. Kamrani Ph.D, Sa’ed M. Salhieh (auth.)
The present market is present process an sped up speed of switch that demanding situations enterprises to innovate new suggestions to reply speedily to an ever-changing surroundings. on the heart of this altering surroundings is a brand new iteration of empowered dealers (customers) built with quick evolving applied sciences that permit them to shop for from markets scattered around the globe. Empowering the shoppers has disadvantaged agencies of what used to be their right-to introduce new items slowly, at their very own relaxation. firms used to introduce new items each few years, and, for the main half, items provided constrained functionalities and contours. A low in cost caliber product-irrespective of shopper satisfaction-was a assured price ticket for fulfillment. New worldwide economies and worldwide markets replaced enterprise practices and concerned with the client because the significant participant within the economic system. enterprises now fail or be triumphant established upon their skill to reply fast to altering shopper calls for and to make use of new technological suggestions. In such an atmosphere, the virtue is going to the company which can supply better forms of new items with greater functionality and bigger total attraction. as a way to compete during this fast moving international marketplace, corporations have to produce items that may be simply configured to supply certain services in comparison to the contest. moreover, firms have to enhance new tools and methods to react quickly to required adjustments in items and marketplace tendencies and to shorten the product improvement cycle, for you to allow them to realize extra fiscal competitiveness.
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Extra resources for Product Design for Modularity
Example text
This method requires the calculation of a clustering factor known as a similarity or a dissimilarity coefficient by assigning a clustering criterion as an objective to optimize system performance. Similarity and dissimilarity coefficients are calculated values that represent the relationships between parts. Most research has been based on the fact that these coefficients range from 0 to I . 0 - similarity or vice versa. Two methods widely used are hierarchical clustering and non-hierarchical clustering.
The design activities are modeled as blocks with identified inputs and outputs (the output of one activity becomes the input of another activity). The decomposition tries to eliminate redundant activities and reorganize other activities to be performed concurrently, which will eventually reduce the product development time. 2 Information Flow Perspective Analysis of the precedence constraints between the design activities is the main concern of this perspective. Precedence constraints are utilized to generate the required information needed to build supporting databases and communication networks and to schedule design activities, all concurrently.
C, C. c. C, o C l1 C'2L-____________________________________________________ Figure 2. JO. Ball Bearing Design Constraint-Parameter Incidence Matrix ~ Chapter 2 30 c, c. c, sed. do d, i3 Pd ro r, 10 Ii R, R r D p. d Il, R, B C 11 C2 C6 c. C '2 c. 11 . 3 Decomposition-Based Design Optimization The decomposition of a large complex design problem into smaller independent subproblems facilitates the use of mathematical programming techniques to solve and optimize the subproblems [23, 24, 32]. The solutions are integrated to provide an overall solution.