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Presidentialism, Parliamentarism, and Democracy by Jose Antonio Cheibub

By Jose Antonio Cheibub

This e-book addresses the subsequent query: why are presidential democracies prone to holiday down than parliamentary ones? traditional knowledge between political scientists issues to the incentives generated by way of the shape of presidency itself; the independence of the administrative and legislature that defines presidentialism generates incentives that aren't conducive to the consolidation of democracy. at the foundation of a knowledge set that covers all democracies among 1946 and 2002, this ebook demonstrates that this isn't the case: the incentives generated by means of presidentialism are as conducive to the consolidation of democracy because the ones generated via parliamentarism. The publication argues that what kills presidentialism is the truth that it exists in nations the place democracies of any sort will not be more likely to live to tell the tale. This publication may be of curiosity to educational researchers, graduates and complicated undergraduates enrolled in classes on comparative politics and political economic system.

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Sample text

However, in conjunction with information about assembly confidence, the lack of a directly elected head of government identifies most cases of parliamentary democracies. Hence, this question allows us to identify countries that, owing to the absence of a directly elected head of government (in combination with assembly confidence), can neither be presidential nor mixed.

Conversely, an assembly that is allowed to elect the government may, as in Switzerland and Bolivia (when popular elections do not produce a majority winner), be barred from removing it from office, thus characterizing effective independence of the executive with respect to the legislature. As Strøm (2000:265) points out, “in the real world . . ” Note also that the nature of the executive – collective or not – is immaterial for the classification of forms of democratic regimes. Thus Switzerland, where the assembly elects a collective government that cannot be removed before the end of its term, is classified as a presidential regime: the assembly does not affect the survival of the government.

I also discuss why extending the period of coverage to 2002 (the original classification ended in 1990) leads to changes in the coding of specific cases. As will become clear in what follows, these changes were entirely due to the fact that new information about specific cases became available and not to the application of new rules. Democracies are regimes in which governmental offices are filled as a consequence of contested elections (Przeworski 1991). 2 Contestation occurs when there exists an opposition that has some chance of winning office as a consequence of elections.

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