By Arnold L. Demain, José L. Adrio (auth.), José-Luis Barredo (eds.)
Carotenoids are a relations of yellow to orange-red terpenoid pigments synthesized through photosynthetic organisms and lots of micro organism and fungi. they've got beneficialhealth results keeping opposed to oxidative harm, and should be answerable for the colors linked to crops and animals. In Microbial Carotenoids From Fungi: equipment and Protocols, expert researchers within the box element a few of the newest tools that are now primary to check carotenoids. those comprise tools for the manipulation and metabolic engineering of the Beta-carotene generating fungi Blakeslea trispora and Mucor circinelloides, lycopene construction with the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, peroxisome concentrating on of lycopene pathway enzymes in Pichia pastoris, and the manipulation of the heterobasidiomycetous yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous, which produces astaxanthin, a pink xanthophyll with huge value within the aquaculture, pharmaceutical, and foodstuff industries. also, the booklet contains a DNA assembler approach for development of zeaxanthin-producing lines of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, creation of neurosporaxanthin by means of Neurospora and Fusarium, and construction of torularhodin, torulene and b-carotene through Rhodotorula yeasts. Written within the hugely profitable Methods in Molecular Biology™ sequence layout, chapters comprise introductions to their respective issues, lists of the mandatory fabrics and reagents, step by step, comfortably reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips about troubleshooting and keeping off identified pitfalls.
Authoritative and practical, Microbial Carotenoids From Fungi: tools and Protocols, provides functional experimental laboratory methods for quite a lot of carotenoids generating microorganisms.
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Additional resources for Microbial Carotenoids From Fungi: Methods and Protocols
Example text
They have activity against both nematode and arthropod parasites in sheep, cattle, dogs, horses, and swine. Incorporation of multiple copies of afsR2, a global regulatory gene, from S. lividans into wild-type S. 3-fold (188). Transposon mutagenesis was used to eliminate production of the troublesome toxic oligomycin in S. avermitilis (189). DNA shuffling of the ave C gene of S. 07:1. This was an improvement of 21-fold over the ratio with the starting strain (190). A semisynthetic derivative, 22, 23-dihydroavermectin B1 (Ivermectin) is 1,000 times more active than thiobenzole and is a commercial veterinary product.
5 g/L of phytase, and other proteins were made at levels over 10 g/L. Among the advantages of methylotrophic yeasts over S. cerevisiae as a cloning host are the following: (1) higher protein productivity, (2) avoidance of hyperglycosylation, (3) growth in reasonably strong methanol solutions that would kill most other microorganisms, (4) a system that is cheap to set up and maintain, and (5) integration of multicopies of foreign DNA into chromosomal DNA yielding stable transformants (216). 3. Filamentous Fungi (Molds) Filamentous fungi are attractive hosts for recombinant DNA technology because of their ability to secrete high levels of bioactive proteins with posttranslational processing such as glycosylation.
Genes encoding many microbial enzymes have been cloned and the enzymes expressed at levels hundreds of times higher than those naturally produced. Over 60% of the enzymes used in different applications including detergent, food and starch processing industry are recombinant proteins (242). Recombinant molds are one of the main sources of enzymes for industrial applications. 6 g/L have been reached for several hosts including A. niger, A. oryzae, A. awamori, C. lucknowense, and A. chrysogenum. Plant phytase (243), produced in recombinant A.