By B. J. Azzopardi, R. F. Mudde, S. Lo, H. Morvan, Y. Yan, D. Zhao(auth.)
The layout of chemical reactors and their safeguard are as severe to the luck of a chemical approach because the real chemistry occurring in the reactor. This ebook presents a complete review of the sensible facets of multiphase reactor layout and operation with an emphasis on protection and fresh expertise. It considers not just regular operation stipulations, but in addition the issues of runaway response stipulations and safeguard opposed to resulting over-pressure.
Hydrodynamics of Multiphase Reactors addresses either useful and theoretical features of this subject. preliminary chapters speak about numerous forms of gas/liquid reactors from a pragmatic perspective, and later chapters specialize in the modelling of multiphase platforms and computational equipment for reactor layout and challenge fixing. the fabric is written through specialists of their particular fields and should comprise chapters at the following subject matters: Multiphase move, Bubble columns, Sparged stirred vessels, Macroscale modelling, Microscale modelling, Runaway stipulations, Behaviour of vessel contents, Choked circulation, size techniques.
Content:
Chapter 1 creation (pages 1–2):
Chapter 2 Bubble Columns (pages 3–59):
Chapter three Sparged Stirred Vessels (pages 61–89):
Chapter four skinny movie Reactors (pages 91–123):
Chapter five Macroscale Modelling (pages 125–157):
Chapter 6 Mesoscale Modelling utilizing the Lattice Boltzmann technique (pages 159–190):
Chapter 7 disappointed stipulations (pages 191–199):
Chapter eight Behaviour of Vessel Contents and Outflow Calculations (pages 201–236):
Chapter nine Choked circulate (pages 237–256):
Chapter 10 dimension strategies (pages 257–305):
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Extra info for Hydrodynamics of Gas-Liquid Reactors: Normal Operation and Upset Conditions
Sample text
The simpler version takes the form: E¼ 1 1 þ c3 We ð2:15Þ where the Weber number, We ¼ rl VT2 de =s, is the ratio of inertial to surface tension forces. 23, is employed, which introduces the effect of the viscosity of the liquid. In this, the Reynolds number is, Re ¼ rlVT d/Zl and the Morton number is, Mo ¼ gZ4l =s3 rl . These equations have been tested against experimental data by, for example Celata et al. [25]. Although the mean errors are reasonably small there is still considerable scatter.
Smaller orifice diameters result in a higher transition velocity. For orifices in the range 5–10 mm diameter, the transition velocity is not affected if the spacing between orifices is . 30 mm. Smaller spacings diminish the transition velocity. 4 [33]. Available equations for predicting the transition void fraction and gas superficial velocity have been tested against experiment by Ribeiro [34]. The most accurate was an equation he presented himself. However, this has 20 constants. Equations have been proposed by Wilkinson et al.
Obviously, this does not occur for the gas lift version. The almost identical profiles between the void fraction data from the two cases and between the velocity data when the bubble column data are shifted by the mean liquid velocity used in the gas lift case show that the flows are very similar. The equations of Wu are also shown. 49 has had to be divided by four to give the fit shown here. 29 Radial void fraction profiles measured by Mudde and Saito [53]. Also shown are predictions of modified equation of Wu et al.