By Ann-Eliza H. Lewis
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Carnes earned his living as a metalsmith working primarily in pewter and brass; his workshop was adjacent to his home. Carnes was a successful and prolific craftsman as well as one of the wealthiest men in Boston. The inventory taken upon his death recorded nearly 700 pounds of pewter molds—more than twice the weight recorded for two other pewterers in his neighborhood combined! Despite his large business the pewter tankard pictured here is the only known piece of his manufacture. This archaeological site uncovered new evidence of the work completed in his shop, including many fragments of brass as well as pewter and the actual tools of his trade.
Individuals who owned waterfront property also had private docks and wharves. The early and widespread construction of docks and wharves underscores the importance of shipping to the people of Charlestown. There was, however, one element of the shipping industry that was quite a long while in coming— a dry dock. A dry dock is a dock from which the water can be drained so that ships can be repaired or painted while out of the water without having to remove them to shore. As early as 1667 the General Court offered a 15-year monopoly to anyone who would build a dry dock in Charlestown.
City Square in Charlestown today is an open park at the edge of the highway. In this park you can visit the site of the Great House and Three Cranes Tavern. Some of the foundation stones have been used to mark the outline of the building as the archaeologists found it. If you visit the site, try to imagine what Charlestown would have looked like in 1630 when Winthrop arrived with his eleven ships; in 1774 when American patriots gathered to plan the rebellion against England; in 1775, when so much of the town was burning during the battle of Bunker Hill.