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Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco-Roman World: Responses by Peter Garnsey

By Peter Garnsey

The 1st full-length learn of famine in antiquity. The examine presents specific case reports of Athens and Rome, the easiest identified states of antiquity, but in addition illuminates the institutional reaction to foodstuff challenge within the mass of normal towns within the Mediterranean global. historical historians have in most cases proven no interest in investigating the cloth base of the original civilisations of the Graeco-Roman global, and feature left unexplored the function of the nutrition offer in framing the important associations and practices of historic society.

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LtV ... ltv ... ,. ltç ... lSv) les mots de Socrate en 393 d 3 - e 10 (où apparait le mot OÙGtu)10. On peut enfin signaler ici les différentes étymologies du terme oÎJGtU proposées par Socrate (401 c 3 - d 7 et 421 b 8 ; cf. infra). C. ANALYSE SÉMANTIQUE a) Introduction: une notion problématique Si on lit la littérature secondaire sur le Gratyle, on comprend vite qu'on ne s'adonne point à l'étude du terme oOGtU dans ce dialogue sous des auspices favorables. En effet, plus d'un commentateur a souligné que la signification du mot n'est pas claire du tout: 'Essence' is also vague; my excuse here is that Plata himself is vague about the exact meaning of oùcria in the dialogue ll , » « Despite the fact that in the Cratylus Plato constantly talks about the « nature (oùcrîa) of things, » he nowhere really explains what the oùcrîa of « 9 Cf.

PHÈDRE Pierre SOMVILLE Editi(ID de référence J. BURNET, Platonis opera, t. II, tetralogias ill-IV continens (Scriptorum c1assi- corum bib1iotheca oxoniensis), Oxford, 1979 16 [= 1901]. lU"'-'O" éditions et traductions consultées ROBIN et P. VICAIRE, Platon. Phèdre, Paris, Belles Lettres (CUF), 1983 . Platon, Phèdre ou De la beauté des âmes, Paris, Payot, 1922. s, 4 dans le premier discours de Socrate, 3 dans son second discours dans la dernière partie, dialoguée, de l'œuvre. Îérenc:es, voir le b) ci-dessous).

89 something is. At 423E Socrates asserts that aIl things have a nature, but does flot say anything more about it 12 • » Dans cette perspective, continuer à chercher systématiquement la signification d'oùGta dans le Gratyle revient peut-être à faire montre d'une (\~ptç qui va aboutir nécessairement à la ruine. Le commentateur risque de partager le sort des héros tragiques. Mais il deviendrait au moins un héros. Persistons donc! lSG1<; divine ne tarde pas. Le premier passage à examiner, dans lequel Socrate essaie de découvrir l'étymologie du nom de la déesse Resda, met le commentateur immédiatement en difficulté.

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