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Earth Science: A Scientific History of the Solid Earth by Michael Allaby

By Michael Allaby

It describes how students, explorers, and mapmakers measured the Earth and mapped its floor. It tells in their speculations approximately what lies underneath the outside, how mountains upward thrust and ocean basins fill. It explains how scientists got here to appreciate the which means of fossils, how they found the age of the planet, and, extra lately, how the theories of seafloor spreading, continental glide, and plate tectonics constructed.

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Extra resources for Earth Science: A Scientific History of the Solid Earth (Discovering the Earth)

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When the body crosses that declination the time is noted, and the instrument is moved to the west of the meridian and the time noted when the body passes that point. The time halfway between the two times is the time when the body crossed the meridian. Richer and Picard calibrated a Huygens clock very carefully before departing.  minutes a day and to correct it so it showed the correct time they had to lengthen the pendulum. Picard concluded that Cayenne is farther from the center of the Earth than Paris is and, therefore, the Earth is oblate.

In other parts of the world the landmarks may be harder to recognize, at least for someone unfamiliar with the landscape. Traditionally, Inuit families hunted for food across the frozen sea or inland through the tundra. In the Sahara nomadic Bedouin would traditionally spend the winter rainy season driving their livestock from place to place in search of good pasture. Mongolian nomads follow a regular routine that takes them from one grazing area to another. All of these people move through the landscape confidently and without hesitation.

It is made from  sections, but a th section, showing the British Isles and Iberian Peninsula, is missing. WILLEBRORD SNELL—AND THE DISCOVERY OF TRIANGULATION If a map is to be a useful tool for navigation, it must represent distances and the relative locations of features as a person might find 27 28 EARTH SCIENCE them on the ground. It must be accurate. Achieving accuracy is difficult, but the invention of latitude and longitude was a great help. Since these lines are located with reference to their angle from the center of the Earth, they can be drawn on a surface in a standard, unambiguous fashion.

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