By Trevor Pinch (auth.)
`Is technological know-how a social building as Pinch continues? after all it really is, since it developed by way of scientists. yet as Pinch's learn demonstrates, it's made out of experimental proof, rational dialogue and feedback, and the inventiveness of scientists.'
British magazine for historical past of Science
`...he (Pinch) has produced a huge booklet with a view to be priceless to historians of technological know-how, who will discover a sentive and particular historical past of an immense episode of contemporary technology who are looking to discover a universal floor to debate the hypothetical specificity of sience vis-a-vis others cultural activities.'
Science, 235
`This is a way more readable account than general in texts at the sociology of technology, and its cognizance to ancient aspect is commendable.'
Physics Bulletin (1987)
`This e-book is a truly welcome contribution to the sociology and the modern historical past of science.'
Sociology, 23:3 (1989)
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Additional resources for Confronting Nature: T́he Sociology of Solar-Neutrino Detection
Example text
Neutrinos, on the other hand, are produced always in association with positrons. As both the neutrino and antineutrino were thought to have the same zero Experiment and Evidential Context - Their Early History and Background 53 mass, spin one-half, and zero charge, it was hard to see in what physical way they differed. Indeed, for most purposes, the formal difference was ignored and both were frequently referred to as 'neutrinos' (as was done earlier in this chapter when the concept of beta-decay was introduced).
2), and placed in a tiny G~iger counter where it decays with the emission of electrons of characteristic energy (Auger electrons). It is these electrons which the Geiger counter registers. Is it therefore the sound of Geiger-counter 'clicks' which is observed in this experiment? No, again further experimental work must be carried out. Some clicks will arise from quite other sources, such as for example, the background radiation in the counter. In order to separate the signal from the background, sophisticated electronics and data analYSis have to be employed.
What are the local rules and standards for determining what counts as a replication of an experiment? This means the sociologist must try and recover the actors' (in this case the scientists') meaning of repeatability. [29] It has been shown that in debates over repeatability it is often the case that the scientists have differing conceptions of what counts as the replication of an experiment. In particular, a scientist who faces a negative replication will be able to argue why such an experiment is not actually a repeat of the original.